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LIST OF ABBRENIATIONS......8
INTRODUCTION..... 9
CHAPTER CHAPTER CHAPTER
ROLE AND PLACE OF MIXED SOLID FUELS
COMBUSTION IN THE ENERGY SECTOR (N. Dunayevska)
1.1. State of electricity production in the world and the role of solid fuels in it.....11
1.2. State of development of со-firing technologies for two solid fuels in
Ukraine.....16
RESEARCH ON THE COMBUSTION RATE
OF BINARY FUEL BLENDS (I. Beztsennyi, M. Chernyavskyy)
2.1. Research methods..... 22
2.1.1. Experimental facilities.....22
2.1.2. Methods of experimental data processing.....25
2.2. Blends of anthracite with lean coal and anthracite with bituminous coal......32
2.2.1. Dynamics of conversion of dust-like particles of coke residue under isothermal conditions...... 33
2.3. Blends of bituminous coal with peat......39
2.4. Engineering method for calculating the combustion of binary solid fuel blends.....41
2.4.1. Main provisions.....41
2.4.2. Development of a method for calculating the burnout dynamics of pulverized coal coke residue and coal blends in an isothermal flow....43
2.5. Calculation of the burnout dynamics of coal and coal blends in a flow reactor.....46
2.6. Conclusions......50
THERMOGRAVIMETRIC STUDIES OF CO-FIRING
OF TWO SOLID FUELS (N. Dunayevska, T. Shchudlo,
D. Bondzyk, I. Beztsennyi)
3.1. Thermogravimetric analysis methods.....53
3.1.1. Description of data processing and generalization methods .....54
3.1.2. Results of experimental data processing.....60
3.1.3. Calculation of thermal destruction stages based on the found kinetic characteristics......64
3.2. Improvement of thermogravimetric methods for calculating fuel combustion kinetics using the example of pine pellets ......68
THERMOCHEMICAL CO-CONVERSION OF HIGHLY cff h METAMORPHOSED COAL AND BIOMASS (T. Shendrik,
J г N. Dunayevska)
4.1. Characteristics of samples and research methods....75
4.2. Thermographic and spectroscopic studies of the conversion of waste wood (pine pellets) and agrotechnical (wheat straw pellets) biomasses....76
4.3. Differences in volatile products of joint thermolysis. Assessment of interaction of components of mixed raw materials...80
4.4. Properties of solid products of joint thermolysis....82
4.5. Technological characteristics of the initial composite raw materials and prospects of using them....... 91
S Г~] SIMULATION OF THE CO-FIRING
OF TWO SOLID FUELS (D. Bondzyk,[MrNekhamin|)
5.1. Introduction....94
5.2. Mathematical model of со-firing of two solid fuels in ANSYS Fluent ......94
5.2.1. Calculation equations. Turbulence .....94
5.2.2. Boundary condition....97
5.2.3. Kinetics.....98
5.2.4. Devolatilization model.... 99
5.2.5. Coke residue burnout model....100
5.2.6. Model of homogeneous combustion of volatiles......100
5.2.7. Modeling the fuel characteristics of biomass....100
5.2.8. Development of geometric models of calculation arrays....100
5.3. Recalculation of kinetic coefficients....103
5.4. Со-firing calculations for real boilers as an example....108
5.4.1. Со-firing of coal and biomass in the TPP-210A boiler...108
5.4.2. Со-firing of bituminous coal and peat in the TPP-210A boiler....120
5.4.3. Using renewable fuels to reduce nitrogen oxides.....126
5.5. Conclusions....... 133
5 /7 REDUCING THE EFFECTS OF SLAGGING AND CORROSION ё ( о J DURING СО-FIRING COALS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES
з О OF METAMORPHISM AND SALINITY (A. Fateievz T. Shendrik)
6.1. Assessment of slagging and corrosion properties of coal with a high content of low-melting salts....139
6.2. Composition of water-soluble compounds of salty coal from Ukraine’s deposits .....141
6.3. Effects of synergism when using coal blends....144
6.4. Formation of new refractory compounds during combustion of coal blends. Determination of ash melting characteristics....146
6.5. Determination of metal corrosion processes during combustion of coal with high salt content....153
6.6. Conclusions....157
PREPARING FUEL MIXTURES AND THEIR COMBUSTION
7.1. Objectives and potential components for the production of fuel mixtures.....161
7.2. Methods for preparation and criteria for homogeneity of fuel mixtures....166
7.3. Experience in producing and burning mixtures with partial replacement
of anthracite with gas coal....169
7.4. Experience in producing and burning mixtures of coal with solid fuel waste....178
7.5. Results and prospects for using coal mixtures at TPPs in Ukraine .....183
2 О СО-FIRING OF BIOMASS AND COAL AT TPPs AND CHPPs
rioj (M. Chernyavskyy, Y. Miroshnychenko, D. Bondzyk)
8.1. Goals and peculiarities of со-firing of biomass and coal....188
8.2. Development of technical solutions for со-firing of biomass with coal in pulverized coal boilers at TPP.....192
8.3. Experience in converting gas-oil boilers of industrial CHPPs to biomass and gas coal combustion......197
8.4. Harmful emissions and slagging intensity of heating surfaces during cofiring of agrobiomass with coal...210
8.5. Results and prospects for the implementation of со-firing biomass and
coal.....213
CONCLUSIONS ..... 218
SUMMARY..... 219

The collective monograph summarises almost twenty years of experience of the Thermal Energy Technologyes Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in theoretical and practical research on the joint thermal processing of two solid fuels. The research has been applied in boiler furnaces of various capacities, using various technologies, from pulverised coal combustion to bed combustion. The research is unique due to the wide range of fuels involved — coal of all grades and different countries of origin, biomass, petroleum coke, coal preparation waste, etc. Such research has contributed to expanding the energy sector's fuel base with local fuels, industrial and agricultural waste, reducing harmful emissions, creating distributed generation, and thus, to Ukraine's energy independence.